June 22, 2011

Future Outcomes Affect Present Choices?

One of the most respected, senior and widely published professors of psychology, Daryl Bem of Cornell, has just published an article that suggests that people — ordinary people — can be altered by experiences they haven't had yet. Time, he suggests, is leaking. The Future has slipped, unannounced, into the Present. And he thinks he can prove it.

Although the findings are not statistically significant for a physical experiment, as one Psychology Today writer points out: "Bem's studies showed an effect size of .20 (out of a possible range of 0-1). Although that is fairly small, it is as large as or larger than some well-established effects, including the link between aspirin and heart attack prevention, calcium intake and bone mass, second hand smoke and lung cancer, and condom use and HIV prevention (Bushman & Anderson, 2001). And as Cohen has pointed out, such small effect sizes are most likely to occur in the early stages of exploring a topic, when scientists are just starting to discover why the effect occurs and when it is most likely to occur."



It is not the only experiment to explore this topic:
A series of quantum experiments shows that measurements performed in the future can influence the present.

April 19, 2011

What Our World Will Be Like in 2030 by Michio Kaku

Michio Kaku is a well-accomplished theoretical physicist.  He has several books and TV shows, and a knack for explaining complex concepts in easy-to-understand ways.
This is long.  Over an hour.  So I will summarize some of Kaku’s points here:

at 12:10 Kaku discusses how Moore’s Law shows how the computer chip in today’s singing birthday card has more computing power than all the Alliled Powers did combined in 1945.  We throw away that birthday card. In the future we will throw away computers, they will be cheap, portable, everywhere.  Today, we take electricity for granted.

14:10 We will soon wear glasses/contacts that have facial recognition built in.  They will also show any media you like—TV shows, movies, documents, etc.  They will give you subtitles when someone talks to you in another language.  Augmented reality will show relevant information about where you are.  More on computerized contact lenses.

18:20 Cel phone and computers of the future.  E paper will scroll out and you will be able to type on it.  Wallpaper will be intelligent.  Your living room wall will serve as your online meetup space:  your second life avatar, your Facebook, your dating site, your face-to-face phone calls or dinners with non-local family members.  It will contain your virtual pet who interactively takes care of your home.

22:22  In the future we will throw away computers, they will be cheap, portable, everywhere.  Today, we take electricity for granted. We walk into a room and look for the light switch, assuming there is electricity.  In the future, we will walk into a room and look for the internet plug in, assuming every room has internet.  Cloud computing will allow our files to follow us throughout office/home/room.

23:45 Cars now drive themselves using GPS.  This may help reduce accidents.

24:20 Your doctor will now be in your toilet.  The toilet will analyze your fluids to determine if you have a good diet, health risk, even if you have cancer.

25:30 Chips will analyze your DNA.  Genome scanning now exists.  They can now give you an owner’s manual for your body. Genealogical lineage information will be instant. (At the time of this recording, Kaku states it costs $50,000.  He predicts that in a few years it will be $1,000, and in 10 years it will cost around $100.  Today--2 years later-- it costs between $1,000 and $100, depending on what company you go with)

27:00 We can now regrow and replace flesh, bone, blood, skin, and organs using your body’s own cells. (The first transplant has already been done)

29:50 Robots are only as smart as bugs right now, and take a long time to do anything.  It will take a long time  for these to advance. 

32:55 Invisibility is possible, but it is 2 way. You need eye holes in order to see out. More on this.

35:30 ‘Telephathy’ is being developed.  Paralyzed people can now control computers exactly as if living, using only their brain and a special computer chip attached to their head.  They will soon be able to take a photo of what you are seeing as you dream.  People can now fly planes using only their brain waves. "Our subjects can't exactly describe what it is they learn to do," said Dr. Grant McMillan, director of the biocybernetics project at Wright-Patterson's Aeronautical Systems Center. "But it's a little like learning to walk. After a while, they say, they no longer have to think about what they're doing."


DISCUSSION OF LONG TERM TECHNOLOGIES START AT 39:00:

40:30 a great summary of Robert Heinlein’s All You Zombies.  If you thought Back to the Future was incestuous, wait until you hear about the further perils of time travel.

45:35 Math professor Charles Dodgson wrote as Lewis Carroll.  Alice in Wonderland/Through the Looking Glass was the first vision of a wormhole.

46:40 Types of civilizations and where we stand vs where hypothetical alien species stand.  We are Type 0 moving toward Type 1 (planetary), which we will reach within 100 years.  Star Trek= Type 2 (interstellar).  Type 3 can move through wormholes.

53:00 ANSWERING QUESTIONS:
1)The FDA can only measure ‘medicines’ that penetrate the skin.  This is why there so many non-working medicines are allowed to be sold.
2)Certain animals do not die of old age. Starting to look at genetics to prevent aging, but it is a long way off.
3)Comparing the Hadron Collider and effort to find Higgs boson particle to God’s Big Bang.
4)The viability of the worlds imagined in the books Brave New World and  1984.
5)Genetic privacy will soon be a problem as gene sequencing becomes cheaper and easier.

April 13, 2011

Triple Blind Study Validates Life After Death and Mediumship

Anomalous Information Reception by Research Mediums
Demonstrated using a novel triple-blind protocol
By Dr. Julie Beischel and Dr. Gary E Shwartz, University of Arizona and the Windbridge Institute.

Dr. Beischel emphasizes how difficult it is to gain scientific support and acceptance for parapsychological investigations because it has been so stigmatized.  This is why it is so important for us to think critically about the paranormal.  We are not helping anyone by declaring that every speck of dust caught in a camera flash is really a ghost.  As a community paranormal investigators need to be willing to expose those in their midst who are faking it for publicity or money; because when a skeptic does it, it makes everyone else in the community look less credible.  The community must police itself.

This kind of research is important.  Current science views the brain as the cause of consciousness, but more and more we are finding evidence that-- as William James suggested--the brain is an antenna-receiver, for our consciousness.  This means that consciousness may not die when the brain does, and that certain people-- psychics-- may be able to 'tune in' to other peoples' frequencies.

This is the principle Beischel's work is based on.  Now lets look at the methods for the study:
The first steps in building the experiment involved finding and evaluating people who claimed to be psychics.  These people were volunteers, people from all over the country, most of which make their living operating as psychics.  Each prospective medium goes through an 8 step process.
1) a written questionnaire
2) a psychological/personality test
3) a phone interview with an existing certified research medium
4) a phone interview with a Windbridge investigator
5) 2 blinded phone readings to evaluate accuracy of ability
6) mediumship research training - explaining how the research works
7) training in the rules regarding the safety and psychological well-being of human subjects during research
8) grief training

Once they have completed all of these satisfactorily, they become a certified research medium, and are able to participate in the research.

The sitter--a living person who has a relationship to the deceased (or discarnate)—is selected from a pool of University of Arizona students who volunteered for the research.  These sitters stated they had a "very close" relationship with a specific discarnate (usually a deceased parent).

Then, a Research Assistant collects data from each sitter about their discarnate and their relationship to them.  Research Assistant then sorts the descriptions.  Two readings will be done on the same day, so the Research Assistant is pairing these readings so that the 2 discarnates to be contacted on the same day are the same gender, but will be as different as possible in age, physcial description, personality and hobbies, and cause of death.  By the end of the research, the sitter must choose which of the 2 readings from the pair sounds more like their loved-one.  Because the gender of both discarnates in the pair is the same, the sitter is not able to choose the reading meant for himself based on the discarnate’s gender. 

Once the Research Assistant does this, her part in the experiment is done. She does not speak to or interact with the mediums.

Then, a medium performs 2 readings, one for each discarnate in the pair. The medium is given ONLY the first name of the discarnate.  The medium is not given any information about the sitter or his/her relationship to the discarnate.  The readings are done over the phone.  The medium lives in a different city--sometimes a different state than the sitter and researchers.  The actual student-sitter is not present, and has no contact with the medium. 

An Experimenter is used as a proxy-sitter.  Experimenter does not know any more information than the medium was given-- only the first name of the discarnate.  They do this for 2 reasons:  1) Mediums feel more comfortable because it mimics their normal reading practices to be speaking to a sitter. and 2) Experimenter knows nothing about the discarnate, so this ensures they cannot unconsciously give clues or ask the medium leading questions.

Experimenter then asks the medium a set of 4 questions about the discarnate, concerning physical appearance, personality, hobbies, and cause of death. Experimenter transcribes the information given about the discarnate into a report.  The discarnate's name is removed from the report, instead substituted for a number.  Then Experimenter --who does not know which sitter is related to which discarnate-- gives copies of the 2 numbered pieces of paper to Sitter A and Sitter B and asks them to fill out a questionnaire rating how accurate to their loved-one they feel each aspect of the description of the discarnate was (physical description, hobbies, personality and cause of death) :

Their answers ranged from
Obvious fit
Mild or moderate fit
No fit
OR does not fit the named discarnate or myself, but fits someone else I was close to


The sitter was then asked to score the OVERALL reading's fit and likelihood of correct information on a scale of 0-6.
0 No correct information/communication
1 Little correct information/communication
2 some correct information, but not enough to suggest more than chance guessing
3 Mix of correct and incorrect information, but enough correct to indicate communication with the deceased
4 Good reading, but some incorrect information
5 Good reading, relatively little incorrect
6 Excellent, with essentially no incorrect information, includes strong aspects of communication


The sitter is then asked to choose which of the 2 readings is about their loved-one and rate how strongly they feel:

clearly more applicable to me
moderately more applicable
only slightly more
both seemed equally applicable
OR neither were applicable to me



RESULTS:
The average intended medium-reading turned out a score of 3.56, somewhere between “a mix of correct and incorrect information, but not enough correct information to indicate communication occurred” and “good reading with some incorrect information”.  The average control reading had a score of 1.94 “some correct information, but not enough to suggest beyond chance that communication with the deceased occurred”. 
6 out of the 8 research mediums produced positive results (intended ratings were higher than control ratings). The other 2 mediums were given scores equal to the control.
3 mediums produced dramatic findings in at least one reading, with scores of 5.0 “good reading with relatively little incorrect information” to 5.5   (6.0= excellent reading with strong aspects of communication and essentially no incorrect information).
When asked to choose which reading was most applicable to them, sitters chose the intended reading 81% of the time.  Science expects a 50% accuracy, based on chance.  Anything more than a difference of 10% is considered statistically significant, since there is a 31% difference, this is considered by scientists to be statistically significant proof.

PROS:
Triple-blind experiment design eliminates all known potential sources of sensory cues, rater bias, and fraud.
Triple blind experiment design also eliminates possibility of medium reading the mind of the sitter, since they have not met the sitter and know nothing about them.

CONS:
This was done on a small scale, with 16 sitters, and 8 mediums.  This could mean that the sample is too small, and results are simply chance.  Averaging the results of more responses together gives us a more realistic picture.
Sitters were chosen out of a pool of 1,600 students who answered “yes” or “unsure” when asked if they believed in an afterlife and mediums.  Because they already believed in the afterlife, some sitters may have been inclined to give a higher rating, saying it was more likely communication occurred.   However, this does not reflect on their ability to choose the reading intended for them, since this is an objective choice.
The findings point to the mediums’ ability to gain information by using some kind of non-conventional sense.  It is not clear HOW they get this information.  Possibilities include: survival of consciousness; super-psi (receiving information from a ‘universal library’); or the ability to mentally locate and read physical papers/photos.